Operator

What is an Operator?

• In JavaScript, an operator is a special symbol used to perform operations on operands (values and variables).

example:

      2 + 3 // 5

• Here + is Operator that performs addition, and 2 and 3 are Operands.

JavaScript Operator Types

• Assignment Operators
• Arithmetic Operators
• Comparison Operators
• Logical Operators
• Bitwise Operators
• Increment Operator
• Decrement Operator
• Ternary Operators 

Assignment Operators

• Assignment operators are used to assign values to variables.

    const x = 5;

• the = operator is used to assign the value 5 to variable x

Arithmetic Operators

     Arithmetic operators are used to perform arithmetic calculations

• Addition(+): a + b
• Subtraction(-): a - b
• Multiplication(*): a * b
• Division(/): a / b
• Modulus(%): a % b
• Exponential(**): a ** b
• Increment (increments by 1): ++a,a++ 
• Decrement (decrements by 1) : --a,a--

    let numOne = 4

    let numTwo = 3

    let sum = numOne + numTwo // 7

    let diff = numOne - numTwo // 1

    let mult = numOne * numTwo // 12

    let div = numOne / numTwo // 1.333

    let remainder = numOne % numTwo // 1

    let powerOf = numOne ** numTwo // 64

    console.log(sum, diff, mult, div, remainder, powerOf)

    

    output:7 1 12 1.3333333333333333 1 64

            

Increment Operator

• In JavaScript, we use the increment operator to increase a value stored in a variable.
• The increment could be pre or post-increment.

Pre-increment

    let count = 0

    console.log(++count)        // 1 -- Pre increment

    console.log(count)          // 1

Post-increment

    let count = 0

    console.log(count++)        // 0 -- Post Increment

    console.log(count)          // 1

Decrement Operator

• In JavaScript, we use the decrement operator to decrease a value stored in a variable. 
• The decrement could be pre or post-decrement

Pre-decrement

     let count = 0

    console.log(--count) // -1

    console.log(count)  // -1

Post-decrement

     let count = 0

    console.log(count--) // 0

    console.log(count)   // -1

Comparison Operators

• Comparison operators compare two values and return a boolean value, either true or false

console.log(3 > 2)              // true, because 3 is greater than 2

console.log(3 >= 2)             // true, because 3 is greater than 2

console.log(3 < 2)              // false,  because 3 is greater than 2

console.log(2 < 3)              // true, because 2 is less than 3

console.log(2 <= 3)             // true, because 2 is less than 3

console.log(3 == 2)             // false, because 3 is not equal to 2

console.log(3 != 2)             // true, because 3 is not equal to 2

console.log(3 == '3')           // true, compare only value

console.log(3 === '3')          // false, compare both value and data type

console.log(3 !== '3')          // true, compare both value and data type

console.log(3 != 3)             // false, compare only value

console.log(3 !== 3)            // false, compare both value and data type

console.log(0 == false)         // true, equivalent

console.log(0 === false)        // false, not exactly the same

console.log(0 == '')            // true, equivalent

console.log(0 == ' ')           // true, equivalent

console.log(0 === '')           // false, not exactly the same

console.log(1 == true)          // true, equivalent

console.log(1 === true)         // false, not exactly the same

console.log(undefined == null)  // true

console.log(undefined === null) // false

console.log(NaN == NaN)         // false, not equal

console.log(NaN === NaN)        // false

console.log(typeof NaN)         // number

Logical Operators

• Logical operators perform logical operations and return a boolean value, either true or false

// && ampersand operator example

const check = 4 > 3 && 10 > 5         // true && true -> true

const check = 4 > 3 && 10 < 5         // true && false -> false

const check = 4 < 3 && 10 < 5         // false && false -> false

// || pipe or operator, example

const check = 4 > 3 || 10 > 5         // true  || true -> true

const check = 4 > 3 || 10 < 5         // true  || false -> true

const check = 4 < 3 || 10 < 5         // false || false -> false

//! Negotiation examples

let check = 4 > 3                     // true

let check = !(4 > 3)                  //  false

let isLightOn = true

let isLightOff = !isLightOn           // false

let isMarried = !false                // true

Bitwise Operators

     Bitwise operators perform operations on binary representations of numbers

• Operator Description
• &         Bitwise AND
• |         Bitwise OR
• ^         Bitwise XOR
• ~         Bitwise NOT
• <<         Left shift
• >>         Sign-propagating right shift
• >>>         Zero-fill right shift

Ternary Operators

• Ternary operator allows to write a condition. Another way to write conditionals is by using ternary operators.

    let number = 5

    number > 0

      ? console.log(`${number} is a positive number`)

      : console.log(`${number} is a negative number`)

    number = -5

    number > 0

      ? console.log(`${number} is a positive number`)

      : console.log(`${number} is a negative number`)